Run the internet connection wizard in accessories, communications, select "connect thru lan". If this doesnt get you going, I would suspect a funky network cable on the PC that isnt connecting.
From your description of your home setup, I have to assume that you are using Internet Connection Sharing on one PC and having the other connect to it. If that is not the case, then your Internet Connection Sharing settings are the problem or you have a router or switch between your computers and the cable modem. We'll address the first possibility as it seems most likely. Also, you are correct to assume that it can't be the cable internet itself since, if one can connect, the other should be able to. Between each step, check your internet connection to see if it is working.
First, you'll want to click Start, Control Panel, Network Connections and, where you see "Local Area Connection", right-click it and click "Repair". This will fix the majority of networking problems; all it does is get a new IP address (if you're using DHCP / dynamically-assigned IP addresses) and clears your DNS cache, which may be preventing you from reaching your favorite sites.
Next, you'll want to check and make sure that ICS is running; click Start, Run, type "services.msc" (without the quotes) and press Enter. This will bring up a list of the services available to you. You'll be looking for an entry containing the phrase "Internet Connection Sharing"; on modern Windows XP Service Pack 2 computers, this is listed under "Windows Firewall / Internet Connection Sharing (ICS)". You'll want to make sure this is currently running; make sure it is set to start "Automatic" and, if it's not already running, right-click it and click "Start". If it is running, go ahead and click "Restart" just to get it running fresh.
If your connection is still not working right, click Start, Programs, Accessories, Command Prompt. Type "ping www.google.com" and press Enter; if this fails (you'll be able to tell from the results), then try typing "ping 64.233.179.99" (Google's IP address) and press Enter.
If the first one succeeded, then there is a problem with your web browser and you should check for updates; particularly, Internet Explorer recently came out with an update to version 7, and Firefox recently came out with an update to version 2.0.
If the second one succeeded but the first didn't, then there is a problem with your DNS (domain name resolution). There are a couple steps that could be taken to attempt to resolve this. First, get back to your Services the same way you did above with ICS; this time, you're looking for "DNS Client", which should be set to "Automatic" and should be started already. If it is not, then set those settings as described above in the ICS section. Second, you could try to assign static DNS addresses for your network connection; this is possible even with a dynamically-assigned (DHCP) address. For this, you'll need to contact your ISP so that they can give you the DNS addresses, and they will be more than happy to walk you through configuring that.
If both of them failed, then it could be either the NIC (network card) or the network cable. The easy way to test if it's the network cable is to swap network cables with the other computer, then test each computer's internet connection. If you find that it's not the cable, then it may be your NIC card. Click Start, Control Panel, System, Hardware, Device Manager and expand the "Network Adapters" section. If you see a red or yellow symbol by the listing for your NIC, then it is not functioning or functioning correctly; red means it's disabled, yellow means the driver is most likely wrong. Regardless, if neither of these symbols are there, you'll still want to right-click your NIC and choose "Update Driver"; let it search for the updated driver and, if it finds one, install it. Sometimes, this will also fix networking issues.
Finally, if none of this has worked to resolve your issue, then you may need to contact Technical Support at your ISP and ask them if anything on their end would prevent multiple computers (using Internet Connection Sharing) from connecting through them. When the cable modem is connected directly to a computer, the computer takes the IP address that the cable modem is given; if the other computer somehow got this IP address and the host computer didn't, then the host won't connect to the Internet.
If you have any further questions, or if the issue does involve a router or switch, then feel free to contact me via email through my profile here.
Yes, first, check for your ip address in the computer by typing ipconfig under the command prompt. Also, make sure you don't have any static ip address.
Under the command prompt, do ping www.yahoo.com, see if there is a reply.
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